Standard library header <exception>

 

C++

Language

Standard library headers

Concepts

Utilities library

Strings library

Containers library

Algorithms library

Iterators library

Numerics library

Input/output library

Localizations library

Regular expressions library (C++11)

Atomic operations library (C++11)

Thread support library (C++11)

Filesystem library (C++17)

Technical Specifications

 

Standard Library header files

Language Support
<cstddef> <limits> <climits>	<cfloat> <cstdint> <new>	<typeinfo> <exception> <initializer_list>	<csignal> <csetjmp> <cstdarg>
Diagnostics
<stdexcept>	<cassert>	<cerrno>	<system_error>
General utilities
<utility> <memory> <memory_resource> <scoped_allocator>	<tuple> <optional> <any> <variant>	<bitset> <functional> <type_traits> <ratio>	<chrono> <ctime> <typeindex> <cstdlib>
Strings
<string> <string_view>	<cctype> <cwctype>	<cwchar> <cuchar>	<cstring>
Localization
<locale>	<codecvt>	<clocale>
Containers
<array> <deque> <vector>	<forward_list> <list>	<map> <set> <queue>	<unordered_map> <unordered_set> <stack>
Iterators
<iterator>
Algorithms
<algorithm>	<execution_policy>
Numerics
<complex> <random>	<valarray> <numeric>	<cfenv> <cmath>
Input/Output
<iosfwd> <iostream> <ios>	<streambuf> <istream> <ostream>	<iomanip> <sstream> <fstream>	<filesystem> <cstdio> <cinttypes>
Regular expressions
<regex>
Thread support
<thread> <atomic>	<mutex> <shared_mutex>	<condition_variable> <future>
C compatibility
<ciso646> <cstdalign>	<cstdbool> <ccomplex>	<ctgmath>

 

This header is part of the error handling library.

Classes
exception	base class for exceptions thrown by the standard library components (class)
nested_exception (C++11)	a mixin type to capture and store current exceptions (class)
bad_exception	exception thrown when std::current_exception fails to copy the exception object (class)
Typedefs
unexpected (until C++17)	function called when dynamic exception specification is violated (function)
unexpected_handler (until C++17)	the type of the function called by std::unexpected (typedef)
terminate_handler	the type of the function called by std::terminate (typedef)
exception_ptr (C++11)	shared pointer type for handling exception objects (typedef)
Functions
uncaught_exceptionuncaught_exceptions (C++17)	checks if exception handling is currently in progress (function)
make_exception_ptr (C++11)	creates an std::exception_ptr from an exception object (function template)
current_exception (C++11)	captures the current exception in a std::exception_ptr (function)
rethrow_exception (C++11)	throws the exception from an std::exception_ptr (function)
throw_with_nested (C++11)	throws its argument with std::nested_exception mixed in (function template)
rethrow_if_nested (C++11)	throws the exception from a std::nested_exception (function template)
terminate	function called when exception handling fails (function)
get_terminate (C++11)	obtains the current terminate_handler (function)
set_terminate	changes the function to be called by std::terminate (function)
get_unexpected (C++11)(until C++17)	obtains the current unexpected_handler (function)
set_unexpected (until C++17)	changes the function to be called by std::unexpected (function)

Synopsis

namespace std {
    class exception;
    class bad_exception;
    class nested_exception;
 
    typedef void (*unexpected_handler)();
    unexpected_handler get_unexpected() noexcept;
    unexpected_handler set_unexpected(unexpected_handler f) noexcept;
    [[noreturn]] void unexpected();
 
    typedef void (*terminate_handler)();
    terminate_handler get_terminate() noexcept;
    terminate_handler set_terminate(terminate_handler f) noexcept;
    [[noreturn]] void terminate() noexcept;
 
    bool uncaught_exception() noexcept;
 
    typedef /*unspecified*/ exception_ptr;
 
    exception_ptr current_exception() noexcept;
    [[noreturn]] void rethrow_exception(exception_ptr p);
    template<class E> exception_ptr make_exception_ptr(E e) noexcept;
 
    [[noreturn]] template <class T> void throw_with_nested(T&& t);
    template <class E> void rethrow_if_nested(const E& e);
}

Class std::exception

class exception {
public:
    exception() noexcept;
    exception(const exception&) noexcept;
    exception& operator=(const exception&) noexcept;
    virtual ~exception();
    virtual const char* what() const noexcept;
};

Class std::bad_exception

class bad_exception : public exception {
public:
    bad_exception() noexcept;
    bad_exception(const bad_exception&) noexcept;
    bad_exception& operator=(const bad_exception&) noexcept;
    virtual const char* what() const noexcept;
};

Class std::nested_exception

class nested_exception {
public:
    nested_exception() noexcept;
    nested_exception(const nested_exception&) noexcept = default;
    nested_exception& operator=(const nested_exception&) noexcept = default;
    virtual ~nested_exception() = default;
 
    // access functions
    [[noreturn]] void rethrow_nested() const;
    exception_ptr nested_ptr() const noexcept;
};

See Also

• Error handling